Advancements in Naval Defense Systems: The Lionfish 30 Turret and its Innovative Ammunition

Introduction to the Lionfish 30 Turret

At the recent exhibition in La Spezia, Leonardo introduced the Lionfish 30 naval turret, marking a significant leap in counter-unmanned aerial systems (C-UAS) technology. The centerpiece of this innovation is the advanced X-Gun, designed to accommodate new combat scenarios, particularly in response to evolving aerial threats. Notably, the turret is equipped with a specialized round—the 30×173 HE ABM—currently being developed by KNDS Ammo Italy, which recently unveiled further specifications during the Seafuture event.

Key Features of the 30×173 HE ABM Round

The integration of an airburst munition into the Lionfish 30 necessitates the enhancement of two primary components: the round itself and a sophisticated programming kit. This programming kit is crucial as it enables the round’s fuse to receive real-time data, optimizing detonation timing to maximize target neutralization effectiveness.

Programmable Fuse Technology

• Inductive Contactless Interface: The round is fitted with a programmable fuse that utilizes a cutting-edge interface for programming.
• Dual-Phase Programming:
  • Initial Phase: Executed prior to chambering, where the time of flight is determined based on inputs from the fire control computer. Variables include target distance, firing conditions, and atmospheric factors.
  • Final Phase: Conducted during the passage through the muzzle brake, allowing for real-time adjustments based on actual muzzle velocity data.

Insensitivity to Electronic Countermeasures

The Lionfish 30 turret’s design incorporates robust measures against electronic jamming. The round’s onboard systems operate independently, minimizing vulnerability to interference. Key attributes include:

• Closed-System Architecture: All necessary computations are contained within the munition, eliminating reliance on external signals.
• Passive Muzzle Brake: The design does not require electrical connections, which enhances operational reliability.
• Encryption: Proprietary encrypted communication protocols are used throughout the programming process, further securing the ammunition against potential threats.

Munition Design and Target Engagement

The 30×173 HE ABM round features a prefragmented front section engineered to create a controlled fragmentation pattern ideal for engaging micro and mini drones. The munition’s capabilities include:

• Optimized Fragmentation: The cone of fragments is calibrated to provide effective coverage against defined target profiles, with detonation controlled carefully depending on distance.
• Secondary Fragments: The structural integrity of the round is designed to break apart, generating additional heavy fragments that increase lethality against larger, more armored threats.
• Kinetic Energy: The combined speed of the fragments ensures significant impact force, which is critical for neutralizing a variety of targets.

Production and Strategic Implications

The recent conflict in Ukraine has underscored the urgent need for increased ammunition production capabilities. Responding to this demand, KNDS has oriented its design and production approach towards scalability. Noteworthy enhancements include:

• Colleferro Facility Investment: Upgrades to the facility have augmented explosive loading capacity from 2 to over 3.5 tonnes daily, boosting output significantly.
• Enhanced Fuse Production Rates: The capabilities for fuse manufacturing have increased by 30–40%, with annual production now reaching approximately 200,000 items.

Conclusion: The Future of Naval Counter-UAS Systems

With the qualification process for the programming kit anticipated to conclude by November 2025 and the round’s own qualification commencing in 2026, the Lionfish 30 turret represents a pivotal advancement in naval defense. This system is set to enhance maritime operational capabilities against ever-evolving aerial threats, ensuring that armed forces remain prepared in a rapidly changing landscape of modern warfare. The fusion of innovative munition technology and strategic production practices positions Leonardo and KNDS at the forefront of future naval combat systems.